ABSTRACT Packaging of food which is viable means of business opportunity has been exploited by individuals and corporate bodies for a very long time because the importance of packaging food products are very enormous ranging from protection of the product to preventing the food from spoiling. There is no way one can successfully go into business of chips production without exploiting a proper means of packaging the product. Over the years, different types of packaging machines have been developed ranging from Automatic packaging machine to Semi-Automatic Packaging machine. These machines are very costly to purchase for low income earners or people with low start up capital that wish to go into the business of chip packaging. Thus this design project work was carried out to design a low cost manual chip packaging machine that people with low start up capital can afford. The detailed design was provided and the machine was eventually fabricated for operation and from the testing of the machine, it was observed that the machine can package about 30 chips package for twenty five minutesTABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction 1.1Aims and objectives 1.2 Statement of problem 1.3 Relevance of the project 1.4 Scope and limitation of study 1.5 Methodology
CHAPTER TWO 2.0 Literature review 2.1 Packaging 2.2 General sealing information used in packaging of chips 2.2.2 Cold seal films 2.2.3 Heat seal films 2.3 Factors to be considered in producing a sealed package 2.3.1 Heat 2.3.2 Dwell 2.3.4 Pressure 2.3.5 Heat - dwell - pressure 2.3.6 Temperature 2.4 Films used for packaging 2.4.1 Polypropylene (pp – opp) film 2.4.2 Polyester (pet) film 2.4.3 Polyethylene (pe) film 2.5 Related mathematical formula 2.5.1 Equation to calculate the area of the packaging jaw, a 2.5.2 Equation to calculate the minimum force to be applied, fmin 2.5.3 Equation to calculate the maximum pressure to be applied for packaging, pmax 2.5.4 Equation to calculate the direct stress, σn 2.5.5 Equation to calculate the maximum stress, τmax 2.5.6 Equation to calculate the regulated pressure, pr CHAPTER THREE 3.0 Detailed design and construction procedures 3.1 Part design 3.2 Design specifications and consideration 3.3 Design calculations 3.3.1 Determination of the area of the packaging jaw, a 3.3.2 Determination of the minimum force to be applied, fmin 3.3.3 Determination of the maximum pressure to be applied for packaging, pmax 3.3.4 Determination of the direct stress, σn 3.3.5 Determination of the maximum stress, τmax 3.3.6 Determination of the regulated air pressure, pr 3.4. Construction details 3.4.1 The packaging jaw The frame 3.5 Detailed mechanical drawing of the manual chip packaging machine 3.6 Materials required and selection CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 Test and result 4.1 Test procedure 4.2 Test results 4.3 Table of values of the design parameters Safety precaution 4.5 Operational procedure 4.6 Maintenance 4.7 bill of engineering measurements and evaluation CHAPTER FIVE 5.0 conclusion and recommendation 5.1 Conclusion 5.2 Recommendation REFERENCES
DESIGN OF MANUAL CHIP PACKAGING MACHINE
ABSTRACT Packaging of food which is viable means of business opportunity has been exploited by individuals and corporate bodies for a very long time because the importance of packaging food products are very enormous ranging from protection of the product to preventing the food from spoiling. There is no way one can successfully go into business... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Packaging of food which is viable means of business opportunity has been exploited by individuals and corporate bodies for a very long time because the importance of packaging food products are very enormous ranging from protection of the product to preventing the food from spoiling. There is no way one can successfully go into business... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT The study examined the effects of manual labour on primary school pupils academics performance in Ovia North East LGA of Edo State. Simple random sampling techniques was used to select two hundred respondents... Continue Reading
EFFECT OF MANUAL LABOUR ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS, CASE STUDY OF OVIA NORTH EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE ABSTRACT This study was aimed at identifying the effect of manual labour on the academic performance of primary school pupils in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State and to proffer possible... Continue Reading
, CASE STUDY OF OVIA NORTH EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE ABSTRACT This study was aimed at identifying the effect of manual labour on the academic performance of primary school pupils in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State and to proffer possible... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT This research study is a comparative analysis of computerized accounting system and manual accounting system with reference to Ama breweries plc. and African petroleum plc. all in Enugu state. It is a survey research. The study is a comparative evaluation of computerized accounting system and manual accounting system to ascertain which... Continue Reading
The main purpose of this study is to restructure manual information services to electronic in Dr Aliyu Obaje university library, Kogi State Unversity, Anyigba. To Achieve this, four research objectives were drawn which include; to indentify manual information services rendered in Dr Aliyu Obaje university library, Kogi State Unversity, Anyigba;... Continue Reading
The study emphasised on the maintenance manual and inspection of buildings. The paper reviewed the existing literature on building maintenance, and inspection of building, types of maintenance, causes of maintenance, inspection types and procedure, stages of maintenance, and factors influencing the decision to carry out maintenance work. The study... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Since early 1995 when pressure was mounted on the Raw Materials Research and development council in Nigeria, with a view to sourcing wire, flux and binder locally, little or no success has been recorded. As at 1998,allthe raw materials including core wire for electrode manufacture in Nigeria were still being imported. The aim of this... Continue Reading
The main purpose of this study is to restructure manual information services to electronic in Dr Aliyu Obaje university library, Kogi State Unversity, Anyigba. To Achieve this, four research objectives were drawn which include; to indentify manual information services rendered in Dr Aliyu Obaje university library, Kogi State Unversity, Anyigba;... Continue Reading